Top 10 Things To Know Before Trademarking Cannabis/Hemp Products

Things To Know Before Trademarking Cannabis

Top 10 Things To Know Before Trademarking Cannabis/Hemp Products

Hemp and Marijuana products, till some time ago, fell under the illegal category and were lawfully not in the space of trademark, patent or intellectual property rights. All of that changed, however. The Farm Bill was passed in 2018, which changed the landscape in which hemp and marijuana products were operating. MDE takes a look at what you should know before trademarking these products.

The Farm Bill of 2018 removed hemp from the definition of marijuana under the Controlled Substances Act. Before this bill was passed, the USPTO – U.S. Patent and Trademark Office – had the power to refuse any trademark application related to cannabis or cannabis-related products.

Directly from the USPTO guidelines, was the phrase: “For applications filed on or after December 20, 2018, that identify goods encompassing cannabis or CBD, the 2018 Farm Bill potentially removes the CSA as a ground for refusal of registration, but only if the goods are derived from “hemp.” Cannabis and CBD derived from 2 marijuana (i.e., Cannabis sativa L. with more than 0.3% THC on a dry-weight basis) still violate federal law, and applications encompassing such goods will be refused registration regardless of the filing date. If an applicant’s goods are derived from “hemp” as defined in the 2018 Farm Bill, the identification of goods must specify that they contain less than 0.3% THC. Thus, the scope of the resulting registration will be limited to goods compliant with federal law.”

Furthermore, the guidelines stated that: “For applications filed before December 20, 2018 that identify goods encompassing CBD or other cannabis products, registration will be refused due to the unlawful use or lack of bona fide intent to use in lawful commerce under the CSA. Such applications did not have a valid basis to support registration at the time of filing because the goods violated federal law. However, because of the enactment of the 2018 Farm Bill, the goods are now potentially lawful if they are derived from “hemp” (i.e., contain less than 0.3% THC). Therefore, the examining attorney will provide such applicants the option of amending the filing date and filing basis of the application to overcome the CSA as a ground of refusal.”

Another important guideline was: “Applicants should be aware that even if the identified goods are legal under the CSA, not all goods for CBD or hemp-derived products are lawful following the 2018 Farm Bill. Such goods may also raise lawful-use issues under the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act (FDCA)”

 “When applications recite services involving cannabis-related activities, they will be examined for compliance with the CSA and the 2018 Farm Bill. …the CSA prohibits, among other things, manufacturing, distributing, dispensing, or possessing cannabis that meets the definition of marijuana.”

The USPTO guidelines also states, “The examining attorney will also issue inquiries concerning the applicant’s authorization to produce hemp. Applicants will be required to provide additional statements for the record to confirm that their activities meet the requirements of the 2018 Farm Bill with respect to the production of hemp.”

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To summarize the above, some of the top things to consider when trademarking hemp/ cannabis products

  1. Only hemp-based products fall under Farm Bill 2018 passed in December 2018
  2. The identification of goods must specify that they contain less than 0.3% THC.
  3. Cannabis-derived from marijuana is illegal, and such trademarks applications would not be recognized.
  4. Applications filed before December 2018 will be treated as illegal.
  5. USPTO cannot extend federal trademark protection because the goods and services related to hemp were not in the lawful use of interstate commerce.
  6. However, the examining attorney will provide such applicants the option of amending the filing date to overcome the CSA as a ground of refusal.
  7. Applicants would also need clearance from the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act.
  8. The applicant’s authorization to produce hemp will also be a governing factor in the application result.
  9. If your business is restricted to one state, you may seek state registration instead of federal registration.
  10.  If the terms ‘hemp’, ‘CBD’ or variation of cannabis or cannabidiol are applied as part of a trademark, the amount of CBD used in the product will be examined.

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Pandemic: How to Patent PPE Kits in the midst of the COVID-19 Crisis

COVID-19 Crisis

Pandemic: How to Patent PPE Kits in the midst of the COVID-19 Crisis

We are amidst an unprecedented health crisis that has impacted the entire world. The massive numbers infected with COVID-19 saw a sudden rise in demand for personal protective equipment. Heath workers and frontline Corona warriors rely on PPE to prevent the spread of infection, to and from them. MDE Patents took to finding out just how patenting in the time of crisis will work.

PPE items like gloves, face masks, goggles, face shields, gowns, etc. are extremely critical. The demand was far more than the existing supply or what limited manufacturers could provide. As we are still far from the Corona free world, worldwide companies are figuring out issues related to the intellectual property of PPE kits.

In such a crisis situation, countries are adopting the Compulsory Licensing of Patents. Compulsory licenses are authorizations by a sovereign state that allow a third party to manufacture, use, sell and/or distribute a product which has been patented, without obtaining consent or explicit permission/license of the patent owner.

An international legal agreement called Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights governs the provisions related to compulsory licensing. This understanding exists between all the member nations of the World Trade Organization. Provisions pertaining to compulsory licensing are governed internationally by the (TRIPS) between all the member nations of the World Trade Organization (WTO).

There are international organizations and not-for-profit companies that are also helping facilitate patent sharing. Some of these companies are also organizing and streamlining information about patents. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) has also made a public statement that they would announce a policy to share patents.

More than 200 countries have come together to request WIPO to do away with licensing restrictions by intellectual property right owners. This is being done so that countries across the globe have equal access to PPE kits and other medical technology required to fight the disease.

There are certain initiatives being taken to encourage transfer or donation of intellectual property rights that can help manufacturers to produce the required PPE kits to address the current covid19 health crisis. One such initiative is the Open COVID-19 Pledge. This pledge is taken by companies manufacturing PPE kits and other COVID-19 related treatments. Companies that have become part of this pledge have agreed to grant non-exclusive and royalty-free licenses (which are applicable across the world) to use their existing patents and copyrights to manufacture PPE Kits.

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Innovating During a Crisis: Patentable Inventions

Innovating During a Crisis

Innovating During a Crisis: Patentable Inventions

A crisis – particularly a prolonged on – is not an easy time for creators anywhere. The harsh pressures of the community concerns can make or break the success of any invention. In the current COVID-19 crisis, creators all over the world are struggling to make their voices heard and their creations see light. MDE explores the process of innovation and patenting during a crisis.

In some cases of creation, the struggle is in the ground reality of governmental lockdowns and businesses being shut down. With no suppliers, no transportation, and limited public interaction, it is difficult for events like product launches, demonstrations, and testing to take place. It has brought research and development departments (both independent and companies) to a complete standstill.

On the other hand, some creations are facing the question of ethics. As we all well know, one of the industries which is constantly knee deep in the phase of invention happens to be the pharmaceutical industry. At a time of global pandemic, it is biochemists and pathologists who are conducting research, tests, and creating testing kits. The goal is to not only find a medicine and practical cure, but also a vaccine.

In an opinion piece for Bloomberg, Scott Duke Kominers states that patenting should take a backseat during a crisis. It was written in light of the patent claim made by an Italian company after a group of physicians managed to create CPAP hoods with a 3D printer to fix the shortfall of oxygen valves right now. The case brought out a series of debates on whether medical equipment and inventions should be patented by privately held corporations, particularly those crucial to an ongoing pandemic.

A similar issue was brought up with American pharmaceutical companies fighting Chinese companies over a potential COVID-19 vaccine, which is being developed and researched in Wuhan simultaneously. The worry is that privatization of the vaccine could prevent it from spreading to the global south.

Kominers argues that patents for vital medical inventions should be bought by governments so that multiple companies can create the product and make them easy access to all members of the society, including low-income groups. This is a debate that has come out before in the Big Pharma situation. For years, patients of diabetes have pushed for insulin patents to be made public to avoid paying hundreds of dollars for a life-support medicine that costs only a few dollars to produce.

On the other hand, inventors and researchers want to see their hard work and years of dedication (not to mention, hundreds of thousands of dollars spent) be given some kind of remuneration. Remuneration to make up for the cost of creation is near impossible without higher buying prices, unless the research is also directly funded by the government buying the patent.

In a 2013 paper by Michael Gishboliner, it was made apparent that patentable inventions are vital to keeping businesses running during the time of crisis. However, the conditions of the crisis are not conducive to inventions. Another paper by Gishboliner, along with Daniel Benoliel, found that the impact of economic fluctuations on innovation is much weaker in developing economies compared to advanced one. As a result, the negative effects of an economic crash on innovation would be higher in advanced economies.

The visible effects cannot be ignored. While Europe and China, two epicenters of COVID-19, seem to have faced minor setbacks in patentable inventions and innovations, the same is not true for the United States – the third epicenter of COVID-19. This goes to show that economic crashes have a dampening effect on innovation and patenting, with the depth of effect depending on governmental action and regulation.

In the end, as Uhthoff, Gómez Vega & Uhthoff SC state here, every crisis is also an opportunity. They suggest that conditions such as Article 31 of the TRIPS Agreement be relaxed in case of global emergencies, and countries need to acknowledge interests beyond the acquisition and enforcement of IP. Whether that is in the context of medicine, or for businesses to help each other out in this difficult time, one thing is certain: cooperation and humane agreement is the way forward.

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Professional Patent Search: Why is it Important?

Professional Patent Search

Professional Patent Search: Why is it Important?

As an investor, no doubt, you are already aware of the need to file a patent to protect your invention. It is going to be an important tool in not only marketing your product but also protecting your intellectual property and preventing any kind of theft or duplication without your permission and credit. One of the most important aspects of the entire patent filing process is a patent search. A lot of inventors, particularly those on a shoe-string budget, opt to perform this process themselves. But here, at MDE, we would like to share just why it is important to invest in a professional patent search.

Conducting a patent search might seem like an easy task. This is especially true if you are confident in the novelty of what you are patenting. While a lot of novices attempt to patent the entire invention, someone who has done their research would know which parts of their invention can be patented as novel and useful. However, simply knowing what you are patenting is not enough to find any kind of competition or existing patent.

The U.S Patent authority sees millions of patent applications every year, and there are millions of patents that exist outside of the general public knowledge. Even if you are aware of what to search for, a legal authority with patent expertise would likely know which exact words to search for and what related patents could post as a problem for your application. In short, while you might be on the lookout for something, a patent lawyer might be better at finding it, and other obstacles you might not have thought of. Moreover, a patent lawyer would also have fresh eyes and experience to conduct a search from an unbiased perspective.

One has to bear in mind that the examiner who will check your application is also a highly professional and qualified patent searcher. So, in order to impress such an examiner without a doubt in your claim, it would be best to conduct a thorough professional search on your end. The cost of investing in a professional patent searcher – such as the ones at MDE – is actually cheaper than conducting an incorrect search yourself, and then applying for re-assessment, extensions, and all the frills that come with overturning an examiner judgment.

As an investor, no doubt, you are already aware of the need to file a patent to protect your invention. It is going to be an important tool in not only marketing your product but also protecting your intellectual property and preventing any kind of theft or duplication without your permission and credit. One of the most important aspects of the entire patent filing process is a patent search. A lot of inventors, particularly those on a shoe-string budget, opt to perform this process themselves. But here, at MDE, we would like to share just why it is important to invest in a professional patent search.

Conducting a patent search might seem like an easy task. This is especially true if you are confident in the novelty of what you are patenting. While a lot of novices attempt to patent the entire invention, someone who has done their research would know which parts of their invention can be patented as novel and useful. However, simply knowing what you are patenting is not enough to find any kind of competition or existing patent.

The U.S Patent authority sees millions of patent applications every year, and there are millions of patents that exist outside of the general public knowledge. Even if you are aware of what to search for, a legal authority with patent expertise would likely know which exact words to search for and what related patents could post as a problem for your application. In short, while you might be on the lookout for something, a patent lawyer might be better at finding it, and other obstacles you might not have thought of. Moreover, a patent lawyer would also have fresh eyes and experience to conduct a search from an unbiased perspective.

One has to bear in mind that the examiner who will check your application is also a highly professional and qualified patent searcher. So, in order to impress such an examiner without a doubt in your claim, it would be best to conduct a thorough professional search on your end. The cost of investing in a professional patent searcher – such as the ones at MDE – is actually cheaper than conducting an incorrect search yourself, and then applying for re-assessment, extensions, and all the frills that come with overturning an examiner judgement.

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